在Excel中常常需要按成绩等进行排序。我们经常使用Rank函数对数据进行排名操作。在Access中，我们是如何进行排名操作呢？Access中是没有Rank函数的，此时我们需要自定义一个VBA函数或者建立SQL查询来完成排序操作。

今天我就来讲讲如何在Access中进行Rank排名操作，首先我给大家分析一下排名的种类跟实现方法。

排名方式主要分两种，非连续排名和联系排名：

1、非连续排名

逻辑算法：对于一组数列里的某个数字而言，其非连续排名是指：在该组数列里比该数字大的所有数字的个数+1

2、连续排名

逻辑算法：对于一组数列里的某个数字而言，其连续排名是指：在该组数列里比该数字大的所有非重复数字的个数+1

实现过程：

详细代码：

Sub RankField(TableRanked As String, FieldRanked As String, FieldResult As String, NormalRank As Boolean)

    Dim rs As New ADODB.Recordset

    Dim rs1 As New ADODB.Recordset

    rs.Open "Select " & FieldRanked & "," & FieldResult & " From " & TableRanked, CurrentProject.Connection, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic

    Do Until rs.EOF

        If NormalRank Then

            rs1.Open "Select Count(*)+1 as CountNum From " & TableRanked & " Where " & FieldRanked & ">" & rs.Fields(FieldRanked).Value, _

                CurrentProject.Connection, adOpenForwardOnly, adLockReadOnly

        Else

            rs1.Open "Select Count(*) as CountNum From (Select Distinct " & FieldRanked & " From " & TableRanked & " Where " & FieldRanked & ">=" & rs.Fields(FieldRanked).Value & ")", _

                CurrentProject.Connection, adOpenForwardOnly, adLockReadOnly

        End If

        rs.Fields(FieldResult).Value = rs1!CountNum.Value

        rs1.Close

        rs.MoveNext

    Loop

    rs.Close

End Sub

按下Ctrl+G,切换到立即窗口,分别输入如下类似的代码:

RankField "Score","Score","Rank1_VBA",true2 

RankField "Score","Score","Rank2_VBA",False

我们会得到如下类似的结果,Rank1_VBA列为非连续排名结果,Rank2_VBA为连续排名结果:

2、SQL查询实现方式

相比于VBA代码方式,在成绩值发生修改时,SQL查询可以自动更新排名数据,而不需要像VBA过程要每次都手动重新运算.

SELECT  Score.id, Score.Score,  Score.Rank1_VBA, Score.Rank2_VBA, 

    (Select Count(*)+1 From score AS Score_1 Where Score_1.Score>Score.Score) AS Rank1, 

    (Select Count(*)+1 From (Select Distinct Score_1.score From score AS Score_1) As tbl Where tbl.Score>Score.Score) AS Rank2

FROM Score;

创建这个查询后,会活的如下所示的运行结果:Rank1与Rank1_VBA对应,Rank2与Rank2_VBA对应.